In the present study Azeri Turkish noun phrase construction is investigated in the framework of Role and Reference Grammar and Van Valin's (2005) theoretical pattern. In this descriptive analytical study, the data was selected from written resources and by listening to the conversations of the Azeri-speaking inhabitants of eastern Azerbaijan and only sentences containing complex and compound nominal phrases were selected by purposive sampling.Data analyses revealed that complex nominal phrase consists of restrictive clauses, nonrestrictive clauses and nominal complements.Relationship in restrictive relative group is of subordinative type and the link is of nucleus type.Due to this point that nonrestrictive relative clauses don`t transfer essential information for recognizing noun to listener and haven`t semantically close relationship with nominal nucleus, relationship in this type of noun phrase is subordinative and the link is of nominal core type.Constructions that have nominal complement have a clause as an argument of nominal nucleus core.The type of relationship in this noun phrase is of subordinative type and the link is of nominal nucleus core type.Compound nominal phrase consists of conjunctive nominal phrases,endocentric,exocentric and appositive.And also, Studying of noun phrase construction based on Role and Reference Grammar,we can refer to points that are specific to this ....

The present paper deals with the description of complex sentences in modern Persian, based on their finite subordinate clauses. It consists of two goals: One of the purposes of the study is to show that Persian treats all dependent clauses with ke (که) as relative clauses rather than as adverbial clauses - to say that in Persian relative clauses are introduced by the invariable particle ke . As other goal, the author of the article attempts to show what is discussed as complex subordinators (complex subordinate conjunctions) in traditional Persian grammar provides no Linguistic justifications for this purpose. His argument is a formal one.

In nominal sentences in Persian language, there are three main parts: Subject, Predicate and linking verb. Linking verbs are limited to a countable group and it is easy to recognize them. The Subject and Predicate are nonverbal that are members of nominal sentences. But sometimes it is difficult to recognize and tell them apart in some of the sentences. The natural arrangement of a nominal sentence is Subject, Predicate, and Linking verb respectively. But this natural arrangement is not regarded in all sentences; that is why recognizing and distinguishing them is difficult in some sentences. In analyzing the syntactic structure of Persian, some grammarians give more importance to the conceptual structure while for others the formal structure is more significant. In this paper, attempts have been made to combine both approaches to recognize and distinguish subjects and predicates.

Introduction: Carney Complex is an autosomal dominant syndrome that is defined with different tumors including myxoma in different organs, endocrine tumors and lentiginosis lesions. This is the first case report of this syndrome from Iran.Case: The patient is a 27 year old girl, referred with flank pain. Physical examination revealed hirsutism, truncal obesity, hyperpigmantasion and hypertension; Cushing's syndrome was suggested and confirmed with related classic biochemical tests. She had history of cardiac myxoma during her childhood and had been operated twice.Pituitary microadenoma and right adrenal adenoma were reported on MRI and CT-scan, respectively. Initially laparascopic right adrenalectomy was done; as expected, no remission in signs of Cushing's syndrome was observed after surgery. By laparoscopic adrenalectomy of the other site, Cushing's syndrome resolved. Pathologic report of 1st operation was adrenal adenoma with surrounding pigmented micronodular hyperplasia and of the 2nd one was just pigmented micronodular hyperplasia.Conclusion: We have reported a patient with Carney syndrome along with Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and an adenoma in contralateral adrenal and microadenoma of the pituitary as an incidentaloma. This is a new presentation of Carney syndrome.

Surveying the structure of NP in Persian, this study tries to show that most of NP constituents are either independent of each other or they are dependent to Determiner Phrase (=DP). The researcher follows a uniform minimal analysis to illustrate the structural position of relevant constituents of DP, including Possessive Phrase, Prepositional Phrase and Quantifier Phrase, under the tree diagram. The most important point of this study is the claim that NP is mostly one of the dependents of DP. Hence, the final section of the study deals with and analyzes the structure of DP in Persian. The DP analysis undertaken in this study has some advantages. It can explain the internal relevance of all DP constituents and provides them all with a uniform analysis. Likewise, the semantic importance of Persian genitive marker and its role in parsing are borne out.

For many centuries the linguists have almost always studied morphology. But with the advent of Transformational Grammar , syntactic studies and the structure of sentences have earned maximum importance, therefore Sentence was the focus of study until 70s , and from then on , little by little linguists have begun to study the structure of NP, and they have found many similarities between NPs , VPs and sentences . The idea of this similarity has led to many comparative studies. The Empty Category is one of the arguments discussed in sentence structure and pro /PRO is one of these empty categories. This article intends to indicate the existence of pro/PRO in NPs . Comparing Persian and Italian languages we find the same control properties in sentences.

Text tokenization is the process of tokenizing text to meaningful tokens such as words, phrases, sentences, etc. Tokenization of syntactical phrases named as chunking is an important preprocessing needed in many applications such as machine translation information retrieval, text to speech, etc. In this paper chunking of Farsi texts is done using statistical and learning methods and the grammatical characteristics of Farsi texts. Many features and labeling methods are examined one by one and the best features and labeling techniques are used for the detection of syntactic phrases and their boundaries. Several machine learning techniques including Support Vector Machine and Conditional Random Fields are used as classifier in our experiments. The impact of the size of training texts on chunking performance was studied as well. Using the proposed methods in this paper, a performance of 84.02% was obtained for detection of phrase boundaries and 78.04% for detection of both phrase boundaries and phrase type.

In Persian, the verb is classified based on different points of view. An important classification is based on the structure and components of a verb.Grammarians have introduced at least two kinds of verb: simple and complex. Some grammarians, however, have enumerated a variety verb types. Phrasal verb is a kind of verb being formed of at least three parts, named on the basis of structure. It has one single meaning. In recent decades, this kind of verb is called phrasal verb by some grammarians, while others have rejected this kind of verb or have not named it at all. This article first discusses the views on the classification of verb; then it focuses on the history of designation of phrasal verb, on its record in ancient texts, on its structure and kind, on its functions, and finally on the similarities and differences between phrasal verb and complement. Finally, part of the article introduces an almost complete list of phrasal verbs.